How to Patch Drywall Holes, Big and Small

Drywall damage is one of the most common home repairs, and also one of the easiest to learn. With patience and a few tools you can make most holes disappear.

What you will need

• Lightweight spackle or joint compound
• Putty knives, 3-inch and 6-inch
• Sandpaper or a sanding sponge, fine grit
• Self-adhesive mesh patches for medium holes
• A drywall saw or utility knife
• Primer and matching paint

Small holes and nail holes

1. Clean the area and remove any loose bits.
2. Press a thin layer of spackle into the hole with a putty knife, slightly overfilling.
3. Let it dry fully, following the product directions.
4. Sand lightly until the surface is smooth and flush.
5. Prime the patch, because bare spackle absorbs paint and can show through as a dull spot.
6. Paint to match.

Dents and small dings

For shallow dents, apply a thin coat of compound, let it dry, sand and repeat if needed. Two thin coats look better than one thick one.

Medium holes, up to a few inches

Doorknob holes are a classic example.

1. Trim any loose edges around the hole.
2. Apply a self-adhesive mesh patch over the hole.
3. Spread a thin layer of joint compound over the patch, feathering the edges beyond it.
4. Let it dry, then apply a second, wider coat.
5. Sand smooth, prime and paint.

Larger holes

For holes bigger than a few inches, you will usually need a cut-in patch.

1. Cut the damaged area into a clean square or rectangle using a drywall saw.
2. Attach wood backing strips inside the hole, screwed to the drywall edges or into a stud, to support the new piece.
3. Cut a new piece of drywall to fit snugly.
4. Screw it to the backing, with screw heads slightly below the surface.
5. Cover the seams with joint tape and apply three thin coats of compound, sanding between coats.
6. Prime and paint.

Before cutting, check for hidden wires or pipes behind the wall. Turn off power to nearby circuits if you are unsure, and cut shallowly.

Tips for a seamless finish

• Feather the edges. Spread compound wider with each coat, so the patch blends into the wall instead of forming a bump.
• Use light. Hold a work light at a low angle along the wall to reveal ridges before you paint.
• Match the texture. If your wall has an orange-peel or knockdown texture, you may need a texture spray or a trowel technique to blend the patch.
• Prime, then paint the entire wall section if the color has faded, to avoid a visible touch-up spot.

Dust and cleanup

Sanding drywall makes fine dust. Use a damp sponge or a sanding sponge, wear a dust mask and cover floors. Seal off vents so dust does not spread.

When to call a pro

Call a professional if the damage is large, caused by water, or involves mold, since the cause needs fixing first. Also consider help if the ceilings are damaged, the texture is complex or the repair is on a fire-rated wall, such as one between a garage and living space. For help finding someone, see how to hire a handyman.